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<title>Populus sect. Populus</title>

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Populus sect. Populus

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Populus sect. Populus

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Leaves of <a href="Populus_alba" title="Populus alba">Populus alba</a>, the type species of the section

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a>

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<td>Kingdom:

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<td><a href="Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a>

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<td>Clade:

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<td><a href="Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a>

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<td>Clade:

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<td><a href="Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a>

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<td>Clade:

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<td><a href="Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a>

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<td>Clade:

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<td><a href="Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a>

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<td>Order:

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<td><a href="Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales">Malpighiales</a>

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<td>Family:

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<td><a href="Salicaceae" title="Salicaceae">Salicaceae</a>

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<td>Genus:

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<td><a href="Populus" title="Populus">Populus</a>

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<td>Section:

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Species

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See <a href="#Species">text</a>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a>

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<ul><li>P. sect. Leuce <a href="Jean_%C3%89tienne_Duby" title="Jean Étienne Duby">Duby</a></li></ul>

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Populus <a href="Section_(botany)" title="Section (botany)">section</a> Populus, of the <a href="Populus" title="Populus">Populus</a> (poplar) <a href="Genus" title="Genus">genus</a>, includes the <a href="Aspen" title="Aspen">aspen trees</a> and the white poplar <a href="Populus_alba" title="Populus alba">Populus alba</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> The five typical aspens are all native to cold regions with cool summers, in the north of the <a href="Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a>, extending south at high altitudes in the mountains. The white poplar, by contrast, is native to warmer regions, with hot, dry summers. These trees are all medium-sized <a href="Deciduous" title="Deciduous">deciduous</a> trees ranging 15–30 metres (49–98 ft) tall.

All of the species in section Populus typically grow in large <a href="Clonal_colony" title="Clonal colony">clonal colonies</a> derived from a single seedling, and spreading by means of <a href="Basal_shoot" title="Basal shoot">root suckers</a>; new stems in the colony may appear at up to 30–40 metres from the previous trees. Each individual tree can live for 40–150 years above ground, but the <a href="Root" title="Root">root</a> system of the colony is long-lived, sending up new trunks as the older trunks die off above ground, spreading about a metre per year, sometimes eventually covering many hectares. They are able to survive <a href="Wildfire" title="Wildfire">forest fires</a> because the roots are below the heat of the fire, and new sprouts can grow from the roots. One colony of American aspen (P. tremuloides) in Utah, given the nickname of <a href="Pando_(Quaking_Aspen)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pando (Quaking Aspen)">"Pando"</a>, has been estimated to be 80,000 years old (disputed), making it possibly the <a href="List_of_long-living_organisms" class="mw-redirect" title="List of long-living organisms">oldest living colony</a> of aspens.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Species">Species</h2></div>

Some of the species in the section are:<a href="#cite_note-FOC-3">[3]</a>

<ul><li><a href="Populus_adenopoda" title="Populus adenopoda">Populus adenopoda</a> – Chinese aspen<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> (China, south of P. tremula)</li>

<li><a href="Populus_alba" title="Populus alba">Populus alba</a> – white poplar (northwest Africa, southern Europe, east to central Asia)</li>

<li>Populus davidiana – Korean aspen<a href="#cite_note-:0-5">[5]</a> (Korea)</li>

<li><a href="Populus_grandidentata" title="Populus grandidentata">Populus grandidentata</a> – bigtooth aspen (eastern North America, south of P. tremuloides)</li>

<li><a href="Populus_koreana" class="mw-redirect" title="Populus koreana">Populus koreana</a> – Korean poplar<a href="#cite_note-:0-5">[5]</a> (Korea)</li>

<li>Populus ningshanica</li>

<li>Populus qiongdaoensis</li>

<li>Populus rotundifolia</li>

<li>Populus sieboldii – Japanese aspen<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> (Japan)</li>

<li><a href="Populus_simonii" title="Populus simonii">Populus simonii</a> – Simon's poplar<a href="#cite_note-:0-5">[5]</a> (Korea)</li>

<li><a href="Populus_suaveolens" title="Populus suaveolens">Populus suaveolens</a> – Manchurian poplar<a href="#cite_note-:0-5">[5]</a> (Korea)</li>

<li><a href="Populus_tomentosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Populus tomentosa">Populus tomentosa</a>, Chinese white poplar<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> (China)</li>

<li><a href="Populus_tremula" title="Populus tremula">Populus tremula</a> – Eurasian aspen (northern Europe and Asia)</li>

<li><a href="Populus_tremuloides" title="Populus tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</a> – American aspen (northern and western North America)</li>

<li>Populus wulianensis</li></ul>

Natural hybrids between species in the section include:

<ul><li>Populus × canescens: grey poplar,<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> P. alba × P. tremula</li>

<li>Populus × hopeiensis: P. davidiana × P. tomentosa</li>

<li>Populus × pseudotomentosa: P. adenopoda × P. tomentosa</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2></div>

Aspens do not thrive very well in the shade, and it is difficult for aspen seedlings to grow in an already mature aspen stand. Fire indirectly benefits aspen trees, since it allows the saplings to flourish in open sunlight in the burned landscape. Lately, aspens have an increased popularity in forestry, mostly because of their fast growth rate and ability to regenerate from sprouts, making the <a href="Reforestation" title="Reforestation">reforestation</a> after harvesting much cheaper, since no planting or <a href="Sowing" title="Sowing">sowing</a> is required.

In contrast with many trees, aspen <a href="Bark_(botany)" title="Bark (botany)">bark</a> is base-rich, meaning that aspens are important hosts for <a href="Bryophytes" class="mw-redirect" title="Bryophytes">bryophytes</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> and act as food plants for the <a href="Larvae" class="mw-redirect" title="Larvae">larvae</a> of butterfly (<a href="Lepidoptera" title="Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera</a>) species—see List of Lepidoptera that feed on poplars.

Young aspen bark is an important seasonal forage for the <a href="European_hare" title="European hare">european hare</a> and other animals in early spring. Aspen is also a tree of choice of the <a href="European_beaver" class="mw-redirect" title="European beaver">european beaver</a>.

Aspen <a href="Wood" title="Wood">wood</a> is white and soft, but fairly strong, and has low flammability. It has a number of uses, notably for making <a href="Match" title="Match">matches</a> and <a href="Paper" title="Paper">paper</a> where its low flammability makes it safer to use than most other woods. Shredded aspen wood is used for packing and stuffing, sometimes called <a href="Excelsior_(wood_wool)" class="mw-redirect" title="Excelsior (wood wool)">excelsior (wood wool)</a>. It is also a popular animal bedding, since it lacks the <a href="Phenol" title="Phenol">phenols</a> associated with <a href="Pine" title="Pine">pine</a> and <a href="Juniper" title="Juniper">juniper</a>, which are thought to cause <a href="Respiratory_system" title="Respiratory system">respiratory system</a> ailments in some animals. Heat-treated aspen is a popular material for the interiors of a <a href="Sauna" title="Sauna">sauna</a>. While standing trees sometimes tend to rot from the heart outward, the dry timber weathers very well, becoming silvery-grey and resistant to rotting and warping, and has traditionally been used for rural construction in the northwestern regions of Russia (especially for roofing, in the form of thin slats).

The <a href="Ojibwe" title="Ojibwe">Ojibwe</a> used the inner bark of the trunk as a <a href="Poultice" title="Poultice">poultice</a>, and the <a href="Cree" title="Cree">Cree</a> ate the inner bark in the spring as a mild purgative.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/Name/28301378?tab=synonyms">"Tropicos.org"</a>. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 25 February 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/TechSheets/HardwoodNA/pdf_files/popaspeneng.pdf">"technology transfer fact sheet: Populus spp"</a> (PDF). Forest Products Laboratory: R&D USDA. Madison, Wisconsin: United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service. Retrieved 20 September 2010.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOC-3"><a href="#cite_ref-FOC_3-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2&start_taxon_id=300251">"Populus Sect. Populus"</a>. Flora of China.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=29357">"Populus adenopoda"</a>. <a href="Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">Germplasm Resources Information Network</a>. <a href="Agricultural_Research_Service" title="Agricultural Research Service">Agricultural Research Service</a>, <a href="United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a>. Retrieved 21 January 2018.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-:0-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-3">d</a> <cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170525105020/http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf">English Names for Korean Native Plants</a> (PDF). Pocheon: <a href="Korea_National_Arboretum" title="Korea National Arboretum">Korea National Arboretum</a>. 2015. p. 585. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-89-97450-98-5</bdi>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2016 – via <a href="Korea_Forest_Service" title="Korea Forest Service">Korea Forest Service</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=315717">"Populus sieboldii"</a>. <a href="Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">Germplasm Resources Information Network</a>. <a href="Agricultural_Research_Service" title="Agricultural Research Service">Agricultural Research Service</a>, <a href="United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a>. Retrieved 21 January 2018.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=29421">"Populus tomentosa"</a>. <a href="Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">Germplasm Resources Information Network</a>. <a href="Agricultural_Research_Service" title="Agricultural Research Service">Agricultural Research Service</a>, <a href="United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a>. Retrieved 21 January 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=29379">"Populus × canescens"</a>. <a href="Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">Germplasm Resources Information Network</a>. <a href="Agricultural_Research_Service" title="Agricultural Research Service">Agricultural Research Service</a>, <a href="United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a>. Retrieved 21 January 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cairngorms.co.uk/resource/docs/publications/05042007/CNPA.Paper.440.Aspen%20Report.txt">The Biodiversity and Management of Aspen woodlands: Proceedings of a one-day conference held in Kingussie, Scotland, on 25th May 2001</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> Native American ethnobotany, pp. 427–433, Daniel E. Moerman 1998.

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050305112933/http://www.treesforlife.org.uk/tfl.aspen_info_resource.html">Aspen Information Resource, U.K.</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120126102319/http://www.cpluhna.nau.edu/Biota/aspen_forest.htm">Quaking Aspen Forests of the Colorado Plateau</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/pogr4.htm">Bioimages: Populus grandidentata</a> bigtooth aspen</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/aspen_bib/">Aspen Research Bibliography</a></li></ul>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers899" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers899" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Taxon identifiers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Populus sect. Populus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7229840" class="extiw external" title="wikidata:Q7229840">Q7229840</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Populus_sect._Populus" class="extiw external" title="wikispecies:Populus sect. Populus">Populus sect. Populus</a></li>

<li><a href="Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tropicos.org/name/28301378">28301378</a></li>

<li>VASCAN: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/taxon/2290">2290</a></li></ul>

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This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-17" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Populus_sect._Populus&oldid=1301016481">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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